organization and settlement was due very largely to the splendid body of men composing this force. 239. Treaties with the Indians.-The government of Canada may well be proud of its policy in dealing with the Indians of the North-West. In connection with the lands claimed by the Indians care had been taken to deal fairly with the original owners. Between 1871 and 1877, seven treaties in all were entered into with the various Indian tribes for the surrender of their lands. Later, two other treaties covering lands in the North-West were signed, the last as late as 1906. The terms of all these treaties are very much alike. Provision is made for reserves on which the Indian can live. He is allowed to hunt over unoccupied land and to kill game for his own use. Each Indian receives an annual payment from the Dominion government, the sums varying from five dollars to twenty-five dollars a head Arrangements are also made for supplying agricultural implements and for schools on the reserves. Under the care of the government the Indians are gradually becoming familiar with civilization and taking their place in the new North-West. 240. The Saskatchewan Rebellion, 1885.-The advent of the railway gave promise of peaceful and rapid progress, when suddenly a second rebellion broke out. After the Red River rebellion two hundred and forty acres of land were granted to each half-breed. As the province began to fill with settlers many, in spite of this liberal grant, withdrew westwards, and settled on the banks of the Saskatchewan -With the formation of the North-West Territories, the hated civilization began to creep in upon them once more The rapid disappearance of the buffalo, upon which Indians -and half-breeds alike depended for a living, threatened a general famine. The natural unrest of the halfbreeds was increased by a fear that their lands, of which they had received no title deeds from the crown, would be snatched away by speculators. Great dissatisfaction was felt, too, with the government's method of surveying the land, which was quite different from the old French plan of having all the farms fronting on the river. If anything further were needed to provoke a rebellion, it was the presence of Louis Riel, who, returning from exile, suddenly appeared upon the scene to champion once more the cause of the restless half-breeds. At first Riel was moderate, and there was every reason to expect that the government would shortly remove all causes of discontent. An unfortunate encounter of armed men, however, hurried on the rebellion. Near Duck Lake a force of Mounted Police and Prince Albert volunteers, while attempting to bring in an outlying store of supplies, was met by a band of rebels and driven back with a loss of twelve men killed. |
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MACMILLAN'S WESTERN CANADA SERIESThe West 1763-1812, The West 1812-1841, Western Canada, 1870-1920, The Prairie Provinces and The Rise of the North West, North West, Prairies, prairie provinces, Western provinces, Sask Gen Web, Saskatchewan Gen Web THE STORYOFTHE CANADIAN PEOPLECanada history, Ca, Can, Canada, Canada by A.G. Bradley, A.G. Bradley, Canadian History, The Story of the Canadian People, Duncan, The Western Canada Series, David Duncan NEW EDITIONBY
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