Canadian People
guide, the Indians of the party lost heart and refused 
to go any farther. Mackenzie begged them to continue for
seven days longer, promising to turn back if they did 
not discover the sea within that time. Before the week
was ended they reached the mouth of the river and stood 
upon the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Mackenzie decided 
to return at once. After erecting a post. bearing his name,
the latitude of the place, and the number of persons he
had with him, he turned his course homewards. On September
12th the party was again at Fort Chipewyan.


Image:
FUR TRADERS AND INDIANS MAKING A PORTAGE.


Three years later Mackenzie prepared to make another dash for the Pacific. In the fall of the year he ascended the Peace River as far as the forks. Here he spent the winter. As soon as the river was clear of ice, the party, consisting of eight white men and two Indian guides, embarked in one big canoe, twenty-five feet in length. From the outset the difficulties of the way were very great. Rapids and falls made progress hard and even dangerous. As the travellers drew near the mountains, the river, hemmed in by steep, rocky banks, presented a succession of roaring falls. Portages were frequent and usually hard to travel. In places the men drew the canoe upstream by grasping the branches of overhanging trees. The discouragement of the men was overcome only by the courage of their leader.

Image:
SIMON FRASER


The greatest of their difficulties came at the height of land, where a road had to be cut through dense woods. On the west slope of the mountains they found themselves on the bank of a navigable river. This, as we know, was the Fraser. The descent of this mountain stream brought the travellers varied experiences, - meetings with strange Indians, breaking and rebuilding canoes, shooting dangerous rapids, and toiling over long portages. Discouraged by a report of the great length and dangerous nature of the river, Mackenzie turned back and struck off overland in search of the sea. This he did in spite of a warning that the coast Indians were "as numerous as mosquitoes" and very unfriendly. By the middle of July the party had reached the Bella Coola River. In spite of the hostility of certain of the native Indian tribes, Mackenzie continued his course west-wards. On the 20th they reached salt water. At last the weary travellers were rewarded with a glimpse of the Pacific. Upon the face of the rock their leader recorded


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THE STORY

OF

THE CANADIAN PEOPLE


Canada history, Ca, Can, Canada, Canada by A.G. Bradley, 
A.G. Bradley, Canadian History, The Story of the Canadian 
People, Duncan, The Western Canada Series, David Duncan
NEW EDITION
BY
DAVID M. DUNCAN, M.A.
ASSISTANT-SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS, WINNIPEG
NOTE: This edition is for use during the School
Year of 1923-24 in the Provinces of
Manitoba and Alberta.


TORONTO
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LIMITED
1924

Canada history, Ca, Can, Canada, Canada by A.G. Bradley, 
A.G. Bradley, Canadian History, The Story of the Canadian 
People, Duncan, The Western Canada Series, David Duncan
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